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== Reference ==
McDermott, J., Byrne, J., Swafford, J.M., O’Neill, M., Brabazon, A.: Higher-order functions in aesthetic EC encodings. In: 2010 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence, pp. 2816–2823. IEEE Press, Barcelona (2010).

== DOI ==
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/CEC.2010.5586077

== Abstract ==
The use of higher-order functions, as a method of abstraction and re-use in EC encodings, has been the subject of relatively little research. In this paper we introduce and give motivation for the ideas of higher-order functions, and describe their general advantages in EC encodings. We implement grammars using higher-order ideas for two problem domains, music and 3D architectural design, and use these grammars in the grammatical evolution paradigm. We demonstrate four advantages of higher-order functions (patterning of phenotypes, non-entropic mutations, compression of genotypes, and natural expression of artistic knowledge) which lead to beneficial results on our problems.

== Extended Abstract ==

== Bibtex ==

== Used References ==
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== Links ==
=== Full Text ===
http://www.skynet.ie/~jmmcd/papers/hof-presentation.pdf Presentation

[[intern file]]

=== Sonstige Links ===

Higher-order functions in aesthetic EC encodings - Versionsgeschichte

Gbachelier: Die Seite wurde neu angelegt: „ == Reference == McDermott, J., Byrne, J., Swafford, J.M., O’Neill, M., Brabazon, A.: Higher-order functions in aesthetic EC encodings. In: 2010 IEEE World …“