Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/json/FormatJson.php on line 297

Deprecated: Optional parameter $prefix declared before required parameter $code is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/languages/Language.php on line 4267

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 174

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 192

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 185

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 202

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 163

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::open($save_path, $session_name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 172

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 187

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::read($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 201

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::write($id, $dataStr) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 229

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::destroy($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 335

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 355

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 611

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 616

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 626

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 621

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 636

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 631

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 645

Deprecated: Return type of & MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 657

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 666

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 670

Warning: Private methods cannot be final as they are never overridden by other classes in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/actions/Action.php on line 67

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/languages/LanguageConverter.php on line 757

Deprecated: Message implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Message.php on line 159

Deprecated: RawMessage implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Message.php on line 1250

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Optional parameter $label declared before required parameter $alt is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Linker.php on line 726

Deprecated: Optional parameter $label declared before required parameter $alt is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/DummyLinker.php on line 144

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/skins/SkinTemplate.php on line 354

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Optional parameter $attribs declared before required parameter $contents is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Xml.php on line 131

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

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== Reference ==
Gero, J.S.: Creativity, emergence and evolution in design. Knowledge-Based Systems 9(7), 435–448 (1996)

== DOI ==
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0950-7051(96)01054-4 

== Abstract ==
This paper commences by outlining notions of creativity before examining the role of emergence in creative design. Various process models of emergence are presented; these are based on notions of additive and substitutive variables resulting in additive and substitutive schemas. Frameworks for both representation and process for a computational model of creative design are presented. The representational framework is based on design prototypes whilst the process framework is based on an evolutionary model. The computational model brings both representation and process together.

== Extended Abstract ==

== Bibtex == 

== Used References ==
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[2] P.G. Rowe, Design Thinking, MIT, Cambridge, 1987.

[3] R.D. Coyne, M.A. Rosenman, A D . Radford, M. Balachandran
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[6] M. Boden, The Creative Mind, Myths and Mechanisms, Wieden-
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[8] J.S. Gero and M.L. Maher, (eds.) Modeling Creativity and
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[12] J.S. Gero, Design prototypes: a knowledge representation schema
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[13] J. de Kleer and J.S. Brown, Qualitative physics based on con-
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[16] M.A. Rosenman, Incorporating intent in design data exchange
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[17] M.A. Rosenman and J.S. Gero, Modelling multiple views of
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[18] J. Beattie, An essay on laughter and ludicrous composition,
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[19] A. Koestler, The Act of Creation, Hutchinson, London, 1964.

[20] J.M. Suls, A two-stage model for the appreciation of jokes and
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[21] S.S. Stevens, On the psychophysical laa. Psychol. Rev., 64 ( 19571
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[23] J.S. Gero, S. Serino and D. Choi, A computational model of
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[24] R. Finke, Creative Imagery, Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, N J, 1991/.
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[26] S. Forrest, (ed.) Emergent Computation, Elsevier, New York, 1990.

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[28] J.S. Gero and M. Yan, Shape emergence using symbolic reason-
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[29] J.S. Gero and J, Damski, Object emergence in 3D using a data
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Intelligence in Design '94, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1994, pp. 419 436.

[30] Y-T. Liu, Encoding explicit and implicit emergent subshapes
based on empirical findings about human vision, in J.S. Gero
and F. Sudweeks (eds.), Artificial Intelligence in Design "94,
Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1994, pp. 401-418.

[31] D.E. Goldberg, Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and
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[32] J.G. Carbonell, Learning by analogy: formulating and generalis-
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[33] J.G. Carbonell, Derivational analogy: a theory of reconstructive
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An Artificial Intelligence Approach, Morgan Kaufmann, Los
Altos, CA, 1986, pp. 371-392.

[34] L. Qian and J.S. Gero, A design support system using analogy,
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[35] J.H. Jo and J.S. Gero, Design mutation as a computational
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ANZAScA, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 1991, pp. 135 143.

[36] J.S. Gero, S. Louis and S. Kundu, Evolutionary learning of novel
grammars for design improvement, AIEDAM, 8 (1994) 83 94.

[37] A.T. Purcell and J.S. Gero, The effects of examples on the results
of a design activity, in J.S. Gero (ed.), Artificial Intelligence in
Design '91, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 1991, pp. 525 542.

[38] J. Damski and J.S. Gero, Visual reasoning as visual re-interpreta-
tion through re-representation, AID '94 Workshop on Reasoning
with Shapes in Design, Lausanne, 1994, pp. 16 20.

[39] R.F. Woodbury, Design genes, Preprints Modeling Creativity
and Knowledge-Based Creative Design, Design Computing
Unit, Department of Architectural and Design Science, University
of Sydney, Sydney, 1989, pp. 133 154. (appeared as A genetic
approach to creative design in J.S. Gero and M.L. Maher (eds.)
Modeling Creativity and Knowledge-Based Creative Design,
Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, N J, pp. 211 232.).

[40] P. Steadman, The Evolution of Designs, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge, 1979.

[41] I. Hybs and J.S. Gero, An evolutionary process model of design.
Des. Stud., 13 (1992) 273 290.

[42] S. Louis and G.J. Rawlings, Designer genetic algorithms: genetic
algorithms in structure design, in R.K. Belew and L.B. Booker
(eds.), Proc. Fourth Int. Conf. on Genetic Algorithms, Morgan
Kaufmann, San Mateo, 1991, pp. 53-60.

[43] J. Holland, Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems, Univer-
sity of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor, 1975,

[44] J.S. Gero and V. Kazakov, An exploration-based evolutionary
model of a generative design process, Microcomput. Civ. Eng.,
11 (1996) 209-216.

[45] I. Harvey, The artificial evolution of behaviour, in J.-A. Meyer
and S.W. Wilson (eds.), From Animals to Animats, MIT Press,
Cambridge, 1991, pp. 400-408.

[46] J.S. Gero and V. Kazakov, Evolving building blocks for design
using genetic engineering: a formal approach, in J.S. Gero (ed.),
Advances in formal design methods for CAD, Chapman and Hall,
London, 1996, pp. 31 50.

[47] G.L. Langton, Artificial Life, Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1989.

[48] L. Steels, Towards a theory of emergent functionality, in
J.-A. Meyer and S.W. Wilson (eds.), From Animals to Animats,
MIT Press, Cambridge, 1991, pp. 451-461.


== Links ==
=== Full Text === 
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222494842_Creativity_emergence_and_evolution_in_design/links/0deec518ba94bcef14000000


[[intern file]]

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