Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/json/FormatJson.php on line 297

Deprecated: Optional parameter $prefix declared before required parameter $code is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/languages/Language.php on line 4267

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 174

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 192

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 185

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 202

Deprecated: Return type of ResultWrapper::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/DatabaseUtility.php on line 163

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::open($save_path, $session_name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 172

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 187

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::read($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 201

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::write($id, $dataStr) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 229

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::destroy($id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 335

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\PHPSessionHandler::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/PHPSessionHandler.php on line 355

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::count() should either be compatible with Countable::count(): int, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 611

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::current() should either be compatible with Iterator::current(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 616

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::next() should either be compatible with Iterator::next(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 626

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::key() should either be compatible with Iterator::key(): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 621

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::valid() should either be compatible with Iterator::valid(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 636

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::rewind() should either be compatible with Iterator::rewind(): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 631

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetExists($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetExists(mixed $offset): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 645

Deprecated: Return type of & MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetGet($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetGet(mixed $offset): mixed, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 657

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetSet($offset, $value) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetSet(mixed $offset, mixed $value): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 666

Deprecated: Return type of MediaWiki\Session\Session::offsetUnset($offset) should either be compatible with ArrayAccess::offsetUnset(mixed $offset): void, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/session/Session.php on line 670

Warning: Private methods cannot be final as they are never overridden by other classes in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/actions/Action.php on line 67

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Warning: "continue" targeting switch is equivalent to "break". Did you mean to use "continue 2"? in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/languages/LanguageConverter.php on line 757

Deprecated: Message implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Message.php on line 159

Deprecated: RawMessage implements the Serializable interface, which is deprecated. Implement __serialize() and __unserialize() instead (or in addition, if support for old PHP versions is necessary) in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Message.php on line 1250

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Optional parameter $label declared before required parameter $alt is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Linker.php on line 726

Deprecated: Optional parameter $label declared before required parameter $alt is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/DummyLinker.php on line 144

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: header(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($response_code) of type int is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/WebResponse.php on line 42

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/skins/SkinTemplate.php on line 354

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: Optional parameter $attribs declared before required parameter $contents is implicitly treated as a required parameter in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/Xml.php on line 131

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

Deprecated: strlen(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated in /mnt/web618/b0/56/5203556/htdocs/mediawiki_01/includes/db/Database.php on line 1745

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== Referenz == 
F. Korn, B. Pagel, C. Faloutsos: On the ‘dimensionality curse’ and the ‘self-similarity blessing. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 13 (1) (2001) 96–111. 

== DOI ==
http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/69.908983

== Abstract ==
Spatial queries in high-dimensional spaces have been studied extensively recently. Among them, nearest-neighbor queries are important in many settings, including spatial databases (Find the $k$ closest cities) and multimedia databases (Find the $k$ most similar images). Previous analyses have concluded that nearest-neighbor search is hopeless in high dimensions due to the notorious ¿curse of dimensionality.¿ Here, we show that this may be overpessimistic. We show that what determines the search performance (at least for R-tree-like structures) is the intrinsic dimensionality of the data set and not the dimensionality of the address space (referred to as the embedding dimensionality). The typical (and often implicit) assumption in many previous studies is that the data is uniformly distributed, with independence between attributes. However, real data sets overwhelmingly disobey these assumptions; rather, they typically are skewed and exhibit intrinsic (¿fractal¿) dimensionalities that are much lower than their embedding dimension, e.g., due to subtle dependencies between attributes. In this paper, we show how the Hausdorff and Correlation fractal dimensions of a data set can yield extremely accurate formulas that can predict the I/O performance to within one standard deviation on multiple real and synthetic data sets. The practical contributions of this work are our accurate formulas, which can be used for query optimization in spatial and multimedia databases. The major theoretical contribution is the ¿deflation¿ of the dimensionality curse: Our formulas and our experiments show that previous worst-case analyses of nearest-neighbor search in high dimensions are overpessimistic to the point of being unrealistic. The performance depends critically on the intrinsic (¿fractal¿) dimensionality as opposed to the embedding dimension that the uniformity and independence assumptions incorrectly imply.

== Extended Abstract ==

== Bibtex == 
 @article{Korn:2001:DCS:627332.628114,
 author = {Korn, Flip and Pagel, Bernd-Uwe and Faloutsos, Christos},
 title = {On the 'Dimensionality Curse' and the 'Self-Similarity Blessing'},
 journal = {IEEE Trans. on Knowl. and Data Eng.},
 issue_date = {January 2001},
 volume = {13},
 number = {1},
 month = jan,
 year = {2001},
 issn = {1041-4347},
 pages = {96--111},
 numpages = {16},
 url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/69.908983 http://de.evo-art.org/index.php?title=On_the_‘dimensionality_curse’_and_the_‘self-similarity_blessing},
 doi = {10.1109/69.908983},
 acmid = {628114},
 publisher = {IEEE Educational Activities Department},
 address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
 keywords = {Nearest-neighbor search, multimedia indexing, fractals.},
 } 

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